The European Union's F-gas regulation is driving a significant shift in the Refrigeration, Air Conditioning, and Heat Pump (RACHP) sector by phasing down HFC refrigerants. This regulation has major implications for residential Heat Pumps, with new systems soon prohibited from using refrigerants with a Global Warming Potential (GWP) above 150. Monobloc air-to-water Heat Pumps under 12 kW face an even stricter ban, with F-gases being completely phased out.

R-290 has emerged as a leading alternative, offering a compelling combination of availability, affordability, efficiency, and a wide operating range. However, its high flammability presents unique challenges for system design and integration. While R-290 is well-suited for outdoor units like air-to-water Heat Pumps, its appl ...