In 2020, the Japanese government declared an ambitious goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. In the refrigeration and air conditioning sector, major issues must be resolved, particularly the gradual reduction of HFC refrigerants (refrigerant conversion) in response to the Kigali Amendment, the improvement of energy efficiency, and refrigerant life cycle management. We at JRAIA promote the concept of S+3Es as a basic approach to achieving CN2050. This is a similar challenge in other countries around the world, but in this session we will particularly introduce the progress of the Kigali Amendment in Japan, and as an example, new VRF system products that use low GWP refrigerants that have been announced one after another since February of this year. Then, as part of our efforts with n ...